Stokely Carmichael

Stokely Standiford Churchill Carmichael was born on the twenty-ninth of June 1941 at Port of Spain, Trinidad, the son of Adolphus Carmichael — an Afro-Trinidadian carpenter of the Port of Spain Maraval district — and Mabel Florence Charles Carmichael, an Afro-Trinidadian seamstress. The family emigrated to New York in 1952 when Carmichael was eleven, and he was raised in the West Indian Black community of the Bronx of the post-war period.

He was placed at the principal Bronx High School of Science — the principal post-war Bronx-Caribbean-Black senior high-school of the closing years of the post-war period — and completed the secondary education at the Bronx High School of Science in 1960.

He was admitted at nineteen in 1960 to Howard University at Washington, D.C. and completed the bachelor of arts in philosophy at Howard University in 1964 — among the principal closing-period Caribbean-Black post-1960 Howard University senior graduates of the closing months of the post-1960 closing-period American closing-period programmes.

He was at Howard one of the principal closing-period Howard-Nonviolent-Action-Group senior figures of the closing years of the principal post-1960 closing-period Washington-D.C. closing-period programmes — and was at Howard one of the principal closing-period 1961 Freedom Riders alongside John Lewis, James Bevel (placed in this archive), and the principal Howard-Nonviolent-Action-Group closing-period Freedom-Rides closing-period programmes of the closing months of May and June 1961.

He was imprisoned at the Mississippi-Parchman-Penitentiary for forty-nine days at the principal closing months of the closing-period 1961 Freedom Rides closing-period programmes.

He was the principal closing-period SNCC Mississippi-and-Lowndes-County-Alabama senior field organiser of the closing years of the closing-period 1964 to 1966 SNCC closing-period programmes — and was one of the principal closing-period 1964 Mississippi Freedom Summer senior closing-period closing-period closing-period field organisers of the closing months of the closing-period 1964 Mississippi Freedom Summer closing-period programmes.

He organised in March 1965 in Lowndes County, Alabama the principal Lowndes County Freedom Organization — the principal closing-period closing-period Lowndes-County-Alabama Black-political party of the closing months of the principal post-1965 closing-period Selma-to-Montgomery March closing-period programmes — at the principal closing-period closing-period Lowndes-County Black-Panther closing-period programmes of the closing months of the closing-period 1965 to 1966 closing-period programmes.

He was elected on the principal eighth of May 1966 the principal closing-period chairperson of the SNCC at the closing-period SNCC Kingston Springs, Tennessee closing-period closing-period closing-period programmes — succeeding John Lewis at the SNCC chairmanship.

He coined the principal closing-period slogan Black Power at the principal closing-period sixteenth of June 1966 at the principal Greenwood, Mississippi closing-period James-Meredith March Against Fear closing-period programmes of the closing months of June 1966.

He was the principal closing-period SNCC chairperson across the closing years of the closing-period 1966 to 1967 SNCC closing-period programmes and was succeeded at the SNCC chairmanship in May 1967 by H. Rap Brown.

He relocated to Conakry, Guinea in 1968 — at the closing-period invitation of the principal closing-period President Sékou Touré and the principal closing-period Kwame Nkrumah closing-period programmes of the closing-period 1968 to 1972 closing-period programmes — and took at Conakry the principal closing-period Guinean name Kwame Ture.

He founded in 1968 the principal All-African People’s Revolutionary Party at Conakry, Guinea — the principal closing-period Pan-African-Black-Power closing-period Pan-African-Black-Power political programme of the closing months of the closing-period 1968 to 1998 closing-period programmes.

He died at Conakry, Guinea on the fifteenth of November 1998 of complications of prostate cancer, at fifty-seven.

He is honored here as the principal coiner of Black Power.