Amílcar Cabral

Amílcar Lopes da Costa Cabral was born on the twelfth of September 1924 at the village of Bafatá, in the Portuguese colony of Portuguese Guinea, the son of Juvenal António da Costa Cabral — a Cape-Verdean schoolmaster from the principal post-1900 Portuguese-Cape-Verdean intellectual-and-administrative community — and Iva Pinhel Évora, a Cape-Verdean seamstress from the principal Cape-Verdean Santiago Island. He was raised at the family relocation to Cape Verde in 1932 in the principal Cape-Verdean Santiago Island community.

He completed his secondary education at the principal Liceu Gil Eanes at Mindelo, São Vicente Island, Cape Verde in 1944 — and was admitted to the principal Instituto Superior de Agronomia at the principal University of Lisbon in 1945 in the principal agronomy-and-engineering programme.

He completed the principal Instituto Superior de Agronomia agronomy-and-engineering degree at Lisbon in 1950 — and was hired in 1951 by the principal Portuguese Department of Agriculture at the principal Lisbon Department of Agriculture as a junior agronomist.

He was assigned to the principal Portuguese-Guinea Department of Agriculture at Bissau in 1952 — and undertook across the principal post-1952 Portuguese-Guinea period the principal Cabral agricultural census of Portuguese Guinea, the principal foundational post-1953 agricultural-census-and-economic-and-political analysis of Portuguese Guinea.

He co-founded with Aristides Pereira, Luís Cabral, Júlio de Almeida, Fernando Fortes, and Eliseu Turpin the principal African Party for the Independence of Guinea and Cape Verde (PAIGC) at Bissau on the nineteenth of September 1956 — at the principal post-1956 PAIGC founding-period.

He held the principal PAIGC secretary-general position from the principal founding of the PAIGC in 1956 to his assassination in January 1973 — across approximately sixteen years.

He led the principal Guinea-Bissau War of Independence from PAIGC from the principal commencement of the principal armed struggle of the twenty-third of January 1963 to his assassination in January 1973.

He articulated across the principal post-1963 PAIGC armed struggle period the principal Cabral revolutionary-philosophical-and-political-and-cultural Cabral-revolutionary theoretical-tradition — including the principal post-1969 Cabral 'Return to the Source' cultural-revolutionary-and-anti-colonial theoretical-tradition.

He published the principal Revolution in Guinea: An African People's Struggle at the principal Stage 1 Press at London in 1969 — and the principal Return to the Source: Selected Speeches of Amílcar Cabral at the principal Monthly Review Press at New York in 1973.

The principal Return to the Source of 1973 is at this day the principal foundational document of the principal post-1969 African anti-colonial-and-cultural-revolutionary theoretical-tradition.

He was assassinated at the principal Conakry PAIGC headquarters at Conakry, Republic of Guinea on the twentieth of January 1973 by a principal Portuguese International and State Defence Police (PIDE) assassination, at forty-eight.

He is honored here as the founder of PAIGC and the author of Return to the Source.